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	<title>Kaveh Farrokh</title>
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	<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com</link>
	<description>The official website of Dr. Kaveh Farrokh (PhD)</description>
	<pubDate>Tue, 09 Mar 2010 13:56:52 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>Koorosh Ahmadi: Vandalism of Cyrus Cylinder article in Wikipedia by Eurocentirsts</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/uncategorized/koorosh-ahmadi-vandalism-of-cyrus-cylinder-article-in-wikipedia-by-eurocentirsts/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/uncategorized/koorosh-ahmadi-vandalism-of-cyrus-cylinder-article-in-wikipedia-by-eurocentirsts/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Mar 2010 16:23:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3989</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
Iranian cukltural activist and writer Koorosh Ahmadi notes that:
&#8220;Cyrus the Great&#8221;, may soon need to reassemble his army of Immortals! However, this time, instead of 10‟000 highly trained warriors, he may only require a few IT experts; as these days, his articles in Wikipedia are controlled by a group of cyber-vadalists&#8230;a team of Wikipedia users [...]]]></description>
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<p>Iranian cukltural activist and writer <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Koorosh Ahmadi</span></strong> notes that:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Cyrus the Great&#8221;, may soon need to reassemble his army of Immortals! However, this time, instead of 10‟000 highly trained warriors, he may only require a few IT experts; as these days, his <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">articles in Wikipedia are controlled by a group of cyber-vadalists</span></strong>&#8230;</em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">a</span></strong><em><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> team of Wikipedia users to maliciously change the articles of Iranian History</span></strong>, especially the records of <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">&#8220;Cyrus the Great&#8221; and the &#8220;Cyrus Cylinder</span></strong>&#8221; in Wikipedia.</em></p></blockquote>
<p><strong><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/the_article_of_cyrus_cylinder_in_wikipedia_is_being_vandalized6.pdf">READ MORE HERE&#8230;</a> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://kavehfarrokh.netfirms.com/images/spiegel/cyrus_cylinder.jpg" alt="" width="310" height="160" /> </p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>The Cyrus Cylinder in the British Museum</em></strong></p>
<p>See also this link regarding <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Eurocentrists active against the history and legacy of iran</span></strong>:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/articles/nordicism/">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/articles/nordicism/</a></p>
<p>See also link on <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Cyrus the Great</span></strong>:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/cyrus-the-great-and-human-rights/">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/cyrus-the-great-and-human-rights/</a></p>
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		<title>WAALM: General Assembly Recognizes 21 March as International Day of Nowruz</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/uncategorized/waalm-general-assembly-recognizes-21-march-as-international-day-of-nowruz/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/uncategorized/waalm-general-assembly-recognizes-21-march-as-international-day-of-nowruz/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:52:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3973</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
Posted Originally on Fri, February 26, 2010  in the WAALM School of Cultural Diplomacy - Diplomatic Journal
WAALM is affiliated with the  Academic Council On The United Nations System (ACUNS) and The International Peace Bureau.

The General Assembly this afternoon recognized the International Day of Nowruz, a spring festival of Persian origin, and moved back the dates of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> </p>
<p>Posted Originally on Fri, February 26, 2010  in <a href="http://journal.waalmdiplomacy.org/#post26" target="_blank">the WAALM School of Cultural Diplomacy - Diplomatic Journal</a></p>
<p>WAALM is affiliated with the  <a href="http://journal.waalmdiplomacy.org/#post9" target="_blank">Academic Council On The United Nations System (ACUNS)</a> and <a href="http://journal.waalmdiplomacy.org/#post14" target="_blank">The International Peace Bureau</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://iloapp.waalmdiplomacy.org/blog/journal?ShowFile&amp;image=1254842632.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p>The General Assembly this afternoon recognized the International Day of Nowruz, a spring festival of Persian origin, and moved back the dates of the next high-level dialogue on Financing for Development, as it continued its sixty-fourth session.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/waalm-nowruz.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-3974  aligncenter" title="waalm-nowruz" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/waalm-nowruz-300x228.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="228" /></a></p>
<p>Kindly read the UN Assembly Document below <a href="http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2010/ga10916.doc.htm" target="_blank">posted in the UN Website</a>):</p>
<p>====================================================================</p>
<p>23 February 2010</p>
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<h2>General Assembly GA/10916</h2>
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<h2>Department of Public Information • News and Media Division • New York</h2>
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<blockquote><p>Sixty-fourth General Assembly</p>
<p>Plenary</p>
<p>71<sup>st</sup> Meeting (PM)<br />
General Assembly Recognizes 21 March as International Day of Nowruz,</p>
<p>Also Changes to 23-24 March Dialogue on Financing for Development</p>
<p>The General Assembly this afternoon recognized the International Day of Nowruz, a spring festival of Persian origin, and moved back the dates of the next high-level dialogue on Financing for Development, as it continued its sixty-fourth session.</p>
<p>According to the preamble of the resolution on the International Day (document A/64/L.30/Rev.2), Nowruz, which means new day, is celebrated on 21 March, the day of the vernal equinox, by more than 300 million people worldwide as the beginning of the new year.  It has been celebrated for over 3,000 years in the Balkans, the Black Sea Basin, the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Middle East and other regions. </p>
<p>The Assembly called on Member States that celebrate the festival to study its history and traditions with a view to disseminating that knowledge among the international community and organizing annual commemoration events.</p>
<p>Welcoming the inclusion of Nowruz into the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on 30 September 2009, the text notes the festival&#8217;s &#8220;affirmation of life in harmony with nature, the awareness of the inseparable link between constructive labour and natural cycles of renewal and the solicitous and respectful attitude towards natural sources of life&#8221;.</p>
<p>The text was introduced by Azerbaijan&#8217;s representative, who said that, as a holiday celebrated in many parts of the world with themes important to all humanity, Nowruz encouraged intercultural dialogue and understanding.  Speaking after the Assembly took action on the draft, the representative of Iran marked its adoption by quoting lines of the Persian poet Jalaluddin Rumi that expressed the holiday&#8217;s theme of rebirth &#8220;on our planet and in our souls&#8221;.</p>
<p>In its decision on the follow-up to the outcome of the 2002 International Conference on Financing for Development and the 2008 Review Conference (as contained in document A/64/L.47), the Assembly changed the dates of the fourth high-level dialogue, which was to be held on 16 and 17 March 2010 at United Nations Headquarters, to 23 and 24 March 2010, in the same venue.  The original dates were set by resolution 64/194 of 21 December 2009.</p>
<p>Also this afternoon, the Assembly took note of the payment of dues by Kyrgyzstan, Paraguay, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Swaziland and Timor-Leste, through which they reduced their arrears below the amount specified in the United Nations Charter to be able to participate in votes and other Member State privileges.</p>
<p>Consideration of extending the terms of ad litem judges in the United Nations internal justice system, originally planned for this meeting, was postponed to a date to be announced.</p>
<p>The General Assembly will meet again at a time and place to be announced.</p>
<p align="center"><strong>* *** *</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p>====================================================================</p>
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		<title>BBC Story on Azarbaijan</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/bbc-story-on-azarbaijan/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/bbc-story-on-azarbaijan/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 Feb 2010 17:16:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3943</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
The BBC provided a television report on Sunday February 14, 2010 entitled &#8220;Azerbaijan-Iran tensions increasing&#8221; and posted a story on Iranian Azarbaijan on Tuesday, 16 February 2010 entitled &#8220;Azeris Feel iranian Pressure&#8220;.
There reports perpetuate a number of misconceptions with respect to Iranian Azarbaijan, the Republic of Azarbaijan (which did not historically exist until 1918) and [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> </p>
<p>The BBC provided a television report on Sunday February 14, 2010 entitled &#8220;<em><a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8515588.stm" target="_blank">Azerbaijan-Iran tensions increasing</a></em>&#8221; and posted a story on Iranian Azarbaijan on Tuesday, 16 February 2010 entitled &#8220;<a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8516682.stm" target="_blank"><em>Azeris Feel iranian Pressure</em></a>&#8220;.</p>
<p>There reports perpetuate a number of misconceptions with respect to Iranian Azarbaijan, the Republic of Azarbaijan (which did not historically exist until 1918) and the &#8220;language&#8221; issue in Iran.</p>
<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Historically speaking, there was no &#8220;Azarbaijan&#8221; north of the Araxes River</span></strong> as these were a collection of Khanates subject the authority of Iran with the real historical Azarbaijan being a province in Iran&#8217;s northwest since antiquity.</p>
<p>Professor Mark Whittow&#8217;s map of Oxford University clearly shows the historically attested distinction between ancient Arran/Albania (modern Republic of Azarbaijan) and the original Azerbaijan in Iran (see below):</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"> <img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.rozanehmagazine.com/NoveDec05/Pic35-Arran.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="527" /></p>
<p align="center"><strong><em>Note how the Araxes River separates Arran/Albania (modern Republic of Azarbaijan) from the historical Azerbaijan in Iran. For more information consult Whittow, Mark, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Making of </span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Byzantium</span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">: 600-1025</span>, Berkley: University of California Press.</em></strong></p>
<p>Russia invaded Iran and forced her to relinquish much of her Caucasian territories in the early 19th century.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/map-of-iran-in-1805-cais-website.jpg"><img class="aligncenter" title="map-of-iran-in-1805-cais-website" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/map-of-iran-in-1805-cais-website.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="408" /></a></p>
<p><em><strong>Map of Iran in 1805 before the invasions of Czarist Russia. Note the Caucasus, north of Iran and along the eastern Caspian littoral, which was Iranian territory. There was no independent kingdom named &#8220;Azerbaijan&#8221;  which was supposedly &#8220;divided&#8221; between iran and Russia. Russia invaded Iran and forced her to cede the Caucasus.   iran also lost important eastern territories such as Herat  which broke away with British support, Picture source from </strong><a href="http://www.cais-soas.com/CAIS/Iran/breakup.htm" target="_blank"><strong>CAIS</strong></a><strong>.</strong></em></p>
<p>Note a British 1909 Map which again notes how the real historical Azarbaijan existed only in Iran&#8217;s northwest:</p>
<p><img title="persia-azarbaijan-1909" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/persia-azarbaijan-1909.jpg" alt="" width="694" height="639" /></p>
<p><strong><em>Map of Iran, the eastern marches of the former Ottoman Empire and the Caucasus. Note that the term &#8220;Azarbaijan&#8221; applies to Iran&#8217;s northwest province known as &#8220;Azarbaijan&#8221;. No such  name is used to designate those territories to the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">north</span> of the Araxes River</em></strong>.</p>
<p>Ottoman maps of 1912 (just before World War One) also make clear that the historical Azarbaijan existed only in Iran&#8217;s northwest (below the Araxes River): </p>
<p><img title="ottoman-empire-map-1912" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/ottoman-empire-map-1912.jpg" alt="" width="643" height="457" /></p>
<p><strong><em>Map of the Ottoman Empire, western and northwestern Iran and the Caucasus drafted in 1912 by the Ottoman Turks in 1912. Note that the term &#8220;Azarbaijan&#8221; is only applied to Iran&#8217;s northwest, which is a province with that name. The name was not applied to the territories to the north of the Araxes River</em></strong>.</p>
<p>The BBC report was responded to by Shervin Majlesi who sent the protest below to the news outlet:</p>
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: left;"><strong><em>Dear Sir/Madam,<br />
 <br />
Your story entitled &#8220;Azeris feel Iranian pressure&#8221; wrongly states &#8220;[m]ore than 20 million Azeris live [in Iran] and have done since the territory was annexed under the Shah after a settlement with the Russian and, subsequently, Soviet leaders.&#8221;<br />
 <br />
To state that Iranian part of Azerbaijan was annexed to Iran under the Shah is factually wrong and, at best, reflects a perplexing level of ignorance of history. It was in fact the Russian Empire which annexed parts of Azerbaijan and Caucasus after the Russo-Persian Wars of the 18th Century. And the Soviet Union, after WWII, used the opportunity of its military presence (occupation) in the Iranian Azerbaijan to create an autonomous, Soviet-supported state in 1946 which was dissolved during the same year.<br />
 <br />
To give only a few instances of Azerbaijan&#8217;s particular integration and vital role in Iranian cultural and political life I can point out to examples in more recent times: the Safavid Dynasty (15th to 17th centuries A.D.) rose to power in Azerbaijan and Tabriz was, for a number of years, the capital of Iran (Persia) under that dynasty; heir apparents under Qajar Dynasty were based in Tabriz (Azerbaijan) until they ascended to the throne and were often fluent in Azeri; and throughout Iranian history (before, during and after the Shah) major political figures, including several Prime Ministers, were Azeris.<br />
 <br />
When writing about sensitive subjects related to ethnic tensions in an already volatile region a much higher level of professional journalism is expected from BBC. While treatment of minorities (especially under the current Iranian regime) is an extremely important issue which deserves public scrutiny and debate, a poorly researched article, which omits very important facts and misrepresents others, can only lead to misleading conclusions and will call into question BBC&#8217;s impartiality.<br />
 <br />
I sincerely hope that you will take appropriate action to apologize to your readers and inform them of the factual inaccuracy of this article.<br />
 <br />
Best regards,<br />
Shervin Majlessi</em></strong></div>
</blockquote>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<p>Kaveh Farrokh had raised concerns as far back as 2005, regarding intentions by <span style="text-decoration: underline;">certain groups to create a false issue with respect to Iranian Azarbaijan</span> - below is his on-line book against pan-Turanism:</p>
<p><strong><em><a href="http://www.rozanehmagazine.com/NoveDec05/aazariINDEX.HTML" target="_blank">Pan-Turkism Takes at Azarbaijan: A Geopolitical Agenda</a></em></strong></p>
<p>See especially the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">role of western powers</span> in Chapter Six:</p>
<p><strong><em><a href="http://www.rozanehmagazine.com/NoveDec05/AZPartVI.html" target="_blank">Geopolitical Interests &amp; Petroleum Diplomacy</a></em></strong></p>
<p>There is also a large link posted against pan-Turkism:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/articles/pan-turanism/" target="_blank"><strong><em>Pan-Turkism or Pan-Altaism</em></strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/articles/pan-turanism/"></a></p>
<p> It is also important to cite the observations made by Dr. Terry Graham, a sage researcher of Iranian Studies for decades. Here are his observations:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong><em>1) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Azerbaijan is in many ways the quintessential Iran</span>. It was the birth region of Zoroaster, the Prophet of the Mazdean religion, the native religion of Iran. He was born either in Tabriz or Urumiyeh, as the records indicate.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>2) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Azerbaijan is Turkish on in language and not even totally from that point of view</span>. Up to the 15th century only the Azeri dialect of Persian was spoken there. The Turkification of the language took place over the course of the 15th century. The process went hand to hand with the Shi&#8217;ification of the region. Up to then Azerbaijan was 100 percent Sunni and mostly Sufi. Sheikh Safiyod-Din Ardabili was a Sunni of the Shafi&#8217;ite school. When the Shi&#8217;ite Turks fled Anatolia because of the Ottoman policy of declaring itself the Third Caliphate and therefore being more &#8216;Catholic than the Pope&#8217; (kâse dâghtar az âsh), a mass persecution of Shi&#8217;ites took place, causing them to flee in large numbers to Azerbaijan.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>3) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Ethnically the region, whether north of the Aras or south, is mixed</span>. It is not 100 percent Turkic-speaking. There is a substantial Tati population in the south and even more in the north. In the south the Tats in inhabit the Dasht-e Moghân and the villages around Khalkhâl. In addition, although it was attached to Gilan for administrative reasons under the Pahlavis, the Talesh region not only continues to speak &#8216;Tati&#8217;, which is the old Guyesh-e Azari, the old Azeri dialect, but the Talesh people continue to wear the traditional Azeri costume.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>4) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Tats, or original Azeris, are all Shafi&#8217;ite Sunni, like the Kurds</span>, and, also like the Kurds, continue the pre-Shi&#8217;ite or pre-Safavid tradition of adhering to one of the two major Sufi orders: the Qaderi or the Naqshbandi. (In pre-Safavid times the Khalvati was also important, though now extinct in Azerbaijan.)</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>5) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Tats</span> in northern Azerbaijan, the ex-Soviet Republic, are lobbying to <span style="text-decoration: underline;">separate themselves</span> from their Turkic-speaking neighbors and join Iran!</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>6) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Pan-Turkism is a completely irrelevant and ludicrous movement</span>. The Azeris are no more Turks than the rest of the Iranians. They just happen to speak a very Persianised dialect of Turkic. Every Iranian, apart from minorities like the Lors and the Bakhtiari and the Baluchis, etc., has a mixture of Persian, Turkish and Arabic blood. Iranians are a mixed race, an irony given the pre-Islamic, Sasanian Aryan racism (!), and the Tabrizis are no different from the Mashhadis (temperamentally more &#8216;Tork&#8217; than the Tabrizis some say!) or the Esfahanis (whose own dialect is &#8216;Turkified&#8217;, as the palatal &#8216;k&#8217; and &#8216;g&#8217; indicate, or the Shirazis with their Qashqai Turkic-speaking element or the Kermanis with their Afshar-Bottaghchi Turkic-speaking element, or Iranians anywhere else.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>7) <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Northern Azerbaijan was part of Iran</span>, like Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan, until the Treaties of Torkeman-chai and Golestan in the early 19th century. Fath Ali Shah is directly responsible for the loss of half of Iran because of his lascivious ways. His son, the crown prince, Abbâs Mirzâ, the greatest of all the Qajars, died of apoplexy when his failed to send the cannonry and other weaponry called for by AM, who was leading the Iranian troops against the Russians.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em> <img src='http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_cool.gif' alt='8)' class='wp-smiley' /> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">None of the great names of pre-modern Iran were Turkic-speakers except the poet Nasimi</span>, who was an ideologue of the Horufi movement and, like Shahriyar today, composed both Persian and Turkish divans. All the others were purely Persian-speakers, living before the Turkification of the language. Poets like Mahasti (Mahsati some say), Qotrân Tabrizi, Nezami Ganjavi and Khaqani all spoke only Persian and wrote only in Persian. The same holds for all the Sufi masters and poets from the region. As poets, Maghrebi, Shabestari and Shah Qasem Anvar, and Maghrebi and Shah Qasem (who was Shah Ne&#8217;matollah&#8217;s &#8216;Mr. Niktab&#8217; in Herat, the Iranian capital at the time) even wrote some poems in the local Azeri Persian dialect of the time, a dialect close to Gilaki. (In fact, in the Safvat-e safâ, the biography of Sheykh Safi Ardabili, conversations between him and his master Sheykh Zahed Gilani, are quoted in their mutual dialect (âmyâne-ye azari-gilaki).)</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>9) As for Sufi masters - all of whom were Shafi&#8217;ite Sunni - we have Shams Tabrizi, Sheykh Safi himself, Kamal Khojandi (who migrated to Tabriz from Khojand in what is now Tajikistan) and many lesser known figures, such as Akhi Faraj Zanjani and Sejasi, one of Shams&#8217;s masters, from the village of Sejas near Zanjan.</em></strong></p></blockquote>
<p><a rel="nofollow" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8516682.stm" target="_blank"></a></div>
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		<title>Dr Dariush Akbarzadeh defends Cyrus the Great against Parviz Rajabi and Historical Revisionists</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/dr-dariush-akbarzadeh-defends-cyrus-the-great-against-parviz-rajabi-and-historical-revisionists/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/dr-dariush-akbarzadeh-defends-cyrus-the-great-against-parviz-rajabi-and-historical-revisionists/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Feb 2010 23:41:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3905</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Historians and laypersons are greatly indebted to Dr Dariush Akbarzadeh for defending the legacy of ancient Iran and Cyrus the Great against the historical revisionists such as Dr. Parviz Rajabi.


Dr. Parviz Rajabi has insulted the Zoroastrian community, defends Spiegel Magazine&#8217;s attacks against Cyrus the Great, criticizes Iranians for defending their heritage against the movie 300, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Historians and laypersons are greatly indebted to Dr Dariush Akbarzadeh for defending the legacy of ancient Iran and Cyrus the Great against the historical revisionists such as Dr. Parviz Rajabi.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/parviz_rajabi.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-3906" title="parviz_rajabi" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/parviz_rajabi.jpg" alt="" width="261" height="230" /></a></p>
<p><!--v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} --><!--  --></p>
<p><strong><em>Dr. Parviz Rajabi has <a href="http://www.amordad6485.blogfa.com/post-3713.aspx" target="_blank">insulted the Zoroastrian community</a>, <a href="http://www.etemaad.ir/Released/88-08-12/296.htm" target="_blank">defends Spiegel Magazine&#8217;s attacks against Cyrus the Great, criticizes Iranians for defending their heritage against the movie 300, claims that no dangers exist against ancient Iranian sites such as Pasargardae, and attacks those Iranian historians in the west who seek to defend ancient Iran&#8217;s heritage</a>. He also claims that only Europeans are qualified to write about ancient Iranian history as it was they who started to trnaslate the old Persian, Avestan, and Middle Persian texts. <a href="http://shahrbaraz.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post_23.html" target="_blank">Dr. Rajabi also denigrates the legacy of the Sassanians</a>. Dr. Rajabi&#8217;s comments are often conveyed in the Etemad newspaper. </em></strong></p>
<p>Dr Dariush Akbarzadeh is the Head of the academic group of ‘Ancient Linguistics and Cultures&#8217; in Azad University of Abhar, a member of the scientific board of the Cultural Heritage Organization and senior expert of the National Iranian Museum, the Chief Editor of the research periodical &#8220;The Archeologist&#8217;s Message&#8221;, an expert of the international program &#8220;Yadman&#8221; (memorial) in the international channel of Iran TV, the author of books in ancient linguistics: &#8220;Kartir Inscriptions&#8221;, Mobedan Mobed&#8221;, &#8220;Pahlavi Scripts&#8221;, &#8220;Central Asia&#8217;s Persian Scripts&#8221;, &#8220;Parthian Pahlavi Scripts&#8221; and many other works.</p>
<p>Dr Dariush Akbarzadeh is a graduate in Ancient Cultures and Linguistics from Tehran Azad University.  In his student years and later, in his professional work as a scholar, he has had close cooperation with the famous professor in Ancient Iranian Linguistics, Dr Katayun Mazdapoor.</p>
<p>Dr Akbarzadeh received Farid Shoulizadeh in the experts&#8217; office of the National Iranian Museum.  In part of this interview, we had a discussion about the events of the past three months and interview of ‘Etemad&#8217; newspaper with Parviz Rajabi (November 09 and January 10). Below is the interview originally posted in the <a href="http://www.amordaden.blogfa.com/post-908.aspx" target="_blank">Amordad News Agency of the Zoroastrian Community</a>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/dr-dariush-akbarzadeh.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-3907" title="dr-dariush-akbarzadeh" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/dr-dariush-akbarzadeh-210x300.jpg" alt="" width="210" height="300" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>Dr. Dariush Akbarzadeh in his study. He is among a growing number of researchers in iranian Studies who are concerned with the growing tide of histoprical revisionism. </em></strong></p>
<p>==================================================================<br />
<strong>Q:  In the past few months we have noted denial of clear historic evidences in Etemad newspaper.  Historic facts about the life and heritage of Kourosh the Great, particularly the text of the Human Rights charter of this just king, has been questioned by certain people who have themselves commended these historic documents in their writings.  How do you interpret the denial of the historic evidences?</strong></p>
<p>A:  I can only consider these words of our friends as unfair and strange.  There is one important point that is not given proper attention in cultural meetings.  Our country lacks experts in Assyriaology.  This absence has been one of the most fatal blows that we have suffered from in the past 70 years of the academic life of our country.  Under the sub-group of experts in Assyriaology, we have expertise in fields like ‘Ancient Babylonian Scripts&#8217;, ‘Middle Age Babylonia&#8217; and ‘Neo-Babylonia&#8217;, also knowledge of Elamite scripts, Sumer scripts, especially Sumerian language, and . . . all under this group!  Though Iran posseses a large collection of ancient scripts and archeological effects in the field of Assyriaology in the National Iranian Museum, also in Khuzestan province and Fars Province, and . ., but we do not have even one specialist in this field.  Automatically, comments of those who have graduated in Assyriaology will lose its color.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/cyrus_cylinder.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-3909" title="cyrus_cylinder" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/cyrus_cylinder-300x153.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="153" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>The Cyrus Cylinder<br />
(The British Museum)</em></strong></p>
<p>But, specifically, the Human Rights Commandments of Kourosh the Great was selected by the UN, in the 70s, as the first symbol of peace, equality and co-existence in the history of mankind.  A duplication was made and is kept in the UN.  We should know that it was not without reason that the world society came to this result, and therefore, denial of the historic truth of this charter is an insult to the reasoning and wisdom power of mankind.  If we refer to the text of this clay cylinder we will face undeniable facts.  In the charter it is clearly stated that the people are free to perform their religious rites.  Kourosh clearly states that he has let the people go back to their homelands and place their idols, which had been captured, back in their original places, and rebuilt the temples that had been destroyed.  This is despite the fact that Kourosh did not believe in those idols and temples and had a different religion from those people.  What<br />
else can we name the commandments of Kourosh the Great, which is full of magnanimity, liberal mindedness, equality and respect to all people and beliefs, if not ‘Human Rights&#8217;?<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Q:  When an across-country newspaper, like Etemad, transmits such baseless and alleged information and gives wrong information to the common reader who has no knowledge of details of historic researches, what should be done?</strong></p>
<p>A:  Nowhere in the world do we see such differences, tensity and disquiet in professional and scientific debates that you have seen in the past few months.  But, in a country like Iran it is normal!  When in Iran we do not have a specialist in the field of Assyriaology non-experts allow themselves to comment on matters that are beyond their knowledge and expertise.  One of our big problems is that we do not do professional research.  Everywhere in the world experts in linguistics, for example, Neo-Babylonia or Ancient Babylonia or Pahlavi, etc., work professionally and with expertise and do not go out of their field.  It is not so in Iran.  As you have been witnessing yourself, people allow themselves to comment in a vast area.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Q:  We know that a long term solution for this problem is no doubt training of specialized manpower and this refers to our universities which have to train professional scholars.  But, what is the short term solution?<br />
</strong></p>
<p>A:  A short term solution can be you (Amordad biweekly) and other cultural centers and lovers of Iran.  You, as a specialized newspaper in the field of Iranology, can transmit transparent information among the people.  Your transmission of accurate, transparent and continuous information can, to a large extent, prevent such ill intentions in a short term.  We, in the National Iranian Museum, hold lectures every Tuesday afternoon, in the field of Iranian history and culture.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Q:  Since your board of specialty is in the field of ancient Iranian linguistics and culture and you teach this field in the universities of Iran, how do you evaluate the statements of Mr Parviz Rajabi about Gathas and his questioning genuineness of this divine book?  Should we doubt the genuineness of Gathas of Zarathushtra?</strong></p>
<p>A:  This subject is absolutely clear and obvious, even for those who have little knowledge of Avesta.  I should clearly state that I take this as a joke that someone denies one of the most ancient and honorable heritages of mankind.<br />
In Gathats Zarathushtra calls himself, several times, as first person and third person.  The same way as Darius the Great talks as first person in his inscription and names his ancestors.  Now, imagine that someone tries to deny such a clear document and says that this inscription does not belong to Darius and there has never been such a person!!  I, as a person who deals with the Avesta language daily, announce that Gathas is the oldest part of Avesta and there is not the least doubt that it was written by Zarathushtra.  The name of Zarathushtra is repeatedly mentioned in Gathas and naturally no one else by the name of Zarathushtra or at a later era someone else could have written it.  If Gathas or part of it would have been written in the name of Zarathushtra or at a later era someone else wrote it, he would have undoubtedly had difficulty with its language.  The manifestation and ancientness of this language is a proof to dismiss this groundless<br />
allegation.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Q:  Is it possible that in the recent centuries someone could have composed such hymns or added verses to them?<br />
</strong></p>
<p>A:  This is impossible in the field of ancient linguistics.  It was impossible even thousands of years back, in the period of Avesta  I will give an example so that you understand this matter easily.  In the museum and cultural heritage sector, we come across duplicates which have been forged or copied skillfully.  But, since in this field and knowledge these days we have access to advanced technology, distinguishing them is very easy.  Especially in the field of Avestology this is impossible.  The structure of the language of Gathas and Avesta is amazingly original and pure.  Giving out such statements by persons who have some knowledge in research in Iranology will only make their academic and scientific credit questionable.</p>
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		<title>Translation of &#8220;The Scythians&#8221; into Persian by Yusef Amiri</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/translation-of-the-scythians-into-persian-by-yusef-amiri/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/translation-of-the-scythians-into-persian-by-yusef-amiri/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Feb 2010 16:26:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3848</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
Yusef Amiri has recently translated the book, &#8220;The Scythians 700-300 BC&#8221; by E.V. Cerneko, published originally in 1983 by Osprey Publishing&#8217;s Men at Arms Series (137). The Persian translation will be availbale from the summer of 2010. There is a description of this in Persian at the Asvaran Blog: http://asvaran.blogspot.com
 

The Persian translation also examines the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> </p>
<p>Yusef Amiri has recently translated the book, &#8220;<em>The Scythians 700-300 BC</em>&#8221; by E.V. Cerneko, published originally in 1983 by Osprey Publishing&#8217;s Men at Arms Series (137). The Persian translation will be availbale from the summer of 2010. There is a description of this in Persian at the Asvaran Blog: <a href="http://asvaran.blogspot.com" target="_blank">http://asvaran.blogspot.com</a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.ospreypublishing.com/images/books/covers/mainpageimages/9780850454789-th2.jpg" border="2" alt="" width="254" height="336" /></p>
<p>The Persian translation also examines the &#8216;Scythian period&#8217; in the history of Eastern Europe which spanned four centuries. The Scythians spoke an the Old Iranian language which was akin to the Old Persian spoken by the Medes and Persians of ancient Iran.</p>
<p>The Scythians left a lasting impression of their horsemanship upon the history of their times, resonating a thousand years after they had ceased to exist as a sovereign people. Thier ancient homeland (Ukraine and southern Russia) and the territories which they dominated far beyond it continued to be known as &#8216;greater Scythia&#8217;. Amiri&#8217;s translation of Cernenko&#8217;s book is also highly illustrated with details on Scythian costume, weapons and the way these peoples waged war.</p>
<p>Below is a description of Amiri&#8217;s translation in Persian.</p>
<h2 style="TEXT-ALIGN: right"><a href="http://asvaran.blogspot.com/2010/01/blog-post_21.html">سکاهای باختری</a></h2>
<h2 style="TEXT-ALIGN: right">۱ بهمن ماه ۱۳۸۸۱- معرفی کتاب</p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"> </p>
<div>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: right">تازه‌ترین کتابی که ترجمه‌ی آن را در ماه گذشته و ویرایش آن را در این ماه به پایان رساندم کتاب «سکاهای باختری» نوشته‌ی ای.وی. چرننکو (E.V. Cernenko)، خاروشناس برجسته‌ی روس، است که در سال ۱۹۸۳ م./ ۱۳۶۲ خ. به دست انتشارات اسپری منتشر شده است. امیدوارم این ترجمه در تابستان ۱۳۸۹ کتاب منتشر شود.</p>
</div>
</h2>
<h3 style="TEXT-ALIGN: right">۲- محتوای کتابسکاها یکی از بزرگترین گروه‌های قومی ایرانی هستند. این همبستگی (confederation) خود از قوم‌های فراوانی تشکیل می‌شد. سکاها نخست در آسیای میانه زندگی می‌کردند اما به تدریج گروهی از آنان به سوی غرب کوچیدند و در شرق اروپا ساکن شدند. به خاطر پراکندگی جغرافیایی سکاها را به دو گروه بزرگ تقسیم می‌کنند: سکاهای خاوری یا آسیایی و سکاهای باختری یا اروپایی. گروه دوم را در یونانی اسکوت (جایگاه: Skyth) می‌خواندند که در فرانسه اسکیث و در انگلیسی سیتی‌ان (Scythian) خوانده می‌شوند. اصل این نامه به نوشته‌ی اسوالد شِمِرنی (Oswald Szemerényi)، زبان‌شناس برجسته‌ی معاصر، «اسکودر» است که با واژه‌های shoot به معنای شلیک و پرتاب همریشه است. می‌دانیم که واژه‌ی سکا نیز به معنای تیر و پرتاب است. و این نام به خاطر سرعت و چیرگی آنان در سواری و شلیک به آنان داده شده بود. در پیشگفتار مترجم، به تفصیل درباره‌ی این موضوع نوشته‌ام.اما محتوای کتاب: در ابتدا به زره و ابزارهای پدافندی (دفاعی) و سپس به سلاح‌های آفندی سکاهای باختری پرداخته شده است. پس از آن به ساختار ارتش سکاها می‌رسیم و داستان جنگ داریوش بزرگ هخامنشی با سکاهای باختری بررسی می‌شود. در پایان نیز به دوران افول سکاهای باختری و جایگزین شدن آنان با سرمت‌ها می‌رسیم. کتاب پر است از عکس‌ها و تصویرهایی از آثار باستانی به جا مانده از سکاهای باختری که پر از شور زندگی و جنبش و تحرک است.کتاب بعدی که در دست ترجمه دارم کتابی است درباره‌ی سرمت‌ها.</h3>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Ancient Persia: Influences on Ancient Chinese and Japanese Calendars</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/ancient-persia-influences-on-ancient-chinese-and-japanese-calendars/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/ancient-persia-influences-on-ancient-chinese-and-japanese-calendars/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2010 06:24:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3817</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
The information below has been provided by Dr. Masato Tojo&#8217;s responses to the Distinguished Jamshid Jamshidi&#8217;s inquiries regarding the ancient Japanese calndar.
=====================================================================
1. Chinese calendar 
The traditional Chinese calendar is called Kyūreki旧暦 (old calendar) and/or Noureki農暦 (agricultural calendar). Its first day of a year was Winter Solstice in 1700 B. C.　It was greatly improved in the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> </p>
<p>The information below has been provided by Dr. Masato Tojo&#8217;s responses to the Distinguished Jamshid Jamshidi&#8217;s inquiries regarding the ancient Japanese calndar.</p>
<p>=====================================================================</p>
<h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">1. Chinese calendar </span></h2>
<p>The <strong>traditional Chinese calendar is called Kyūreki</strong>旧暦 (old calendar) and/or Noureki農暦 (agricultural calendar). Its first day of a year was Winter Solstice in 1700 B. C.　It was greatly <strong>improved in the time of the Tang dynasty</strong> under the <strong>influence of Persia and India</strong>. The new calendar is called <strong>Tai-en-reki</strong>大衍暦. This is the basic form of Kyūreki. Here are its characteristic points:  </p>
<p>(a) <strong>Official first day of a year is Risshun</strong>立春 (315 Zodiacal degree). The reason why this day became the first day of a year is for the convenience of <strong>agriculture</strong>. This is the reason why it is called Noureki (Agricultural calendar).</p>
<p>(b) Astronomical first day of a year is <strong>Spring Equinox</strong> (0 Zodiacal degree).</p>
<p>(c) The center day of a month in <strong>Kyūreki</strong> (Tai-en-reki) approximately corresponds to the <strong>first day of Persian month</strong> (Table 1).</p>
<blockquote>
<h2>Note that <strong>Spring Equinox</strong> (b) and center day of the first month in <strong>Kyūreki</strong> (c) are developed under the influence of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Persian and Indian astronomy and astrology</span>.</h2>
</blockquote>
<p>(d) <strong>Spring Equinox</strong> (Shunbun) is the day when people venerate their ancestors. This tradition is said to be Iranian origin (Farvardin).</p>
<h3>Table 1 Kyūreki (Tai-en-reki)</h3>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="69"> </td>
<td width="85"> </td>
<td colspan="2" width="369">
<h3>24 Solar Terms Nijūyon-sekki二十四節気</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="69">
<h3>Season 季節</h3>
</td>
<td width="85">
<h3>Month 月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Beginning day 節（せつ）</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Center day of Month 中（ちゅう）</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" width="69">
<h3>Spring 春</h3>
</td>
<td width="85">
<h3>1一月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Risshun立春 Zodiacal degree: 315 Gregorian day: Feb 4th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Usui雨水 330 Feb 19th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>2二月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Keichitsu啓蟄 345 Mar 6th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Shunbun春分 0 Spring Equinox Mar 21th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>3三月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Seimei清明 15 Apr 5th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Koku-u穀雨 30 Apr 20th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" width="69">
<h3>Summer 夏</h3>
</td>
<td width="85">
<h3>4四月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Rikka立夏 45 May 6th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Shōman小満 60 May 21th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>5五月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Bōshu芒種 75 Jun 6th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Geshi夏至 90 Summer Solstice Jun 21th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>6六月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Shōsho小暑 105 Jul 7th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Taisho大暑 120 Jul 23th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" width="69">
<h3>Autumn 秋</h3>
</td>
<td width="85">
<h3>7七月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Risshū立秋 135 Aug 7th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Shosho処暑 150 Aug 23th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>8八月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Hakuro白露 165 Sep 8th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Shūbun秋分 180 Sep 23th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>9九月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Kanro寒露 195 Oct 8th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Sōkō霜降 210 Oct 23th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" width="69">
<h3>Winter 冬</h3>
</td>
<td width="85">
<h3>10十月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Rittō立冬 225 Nov 7th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Shōsetsu小雪 240 Nov 22th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>11十一月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Daisetsu大雪 255 Dec 7th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Tōji冬至 270 Winter Solstice Dec 22th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="85">
<h3>12十二月</h3>
</td>
<td width="180">
<h3>Shōkan小寒 285 Jan 5th</h3>
</td>
<td width="189">
<h3>Daikan大寒 300 Jan 20th</h3>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The time of the <strong>Tang</strong>唐（とう） dynasty (618-907) was a golden age of cosmopolitan culture.</p>
<p>Not only <strong>Confucianism</strong>儒教（じゅきょう） and <strong>Taoism</strong>道教（どうきょう）, but also <strong>Buddhism</strong>仏教（ぶっきょう）, <strong>Manichaeism</strong>明教（めいきょう）, <strong>Zoroastrianism</strong>祆教（けんきょう）, <strong>Nestrians</strong>景教（けいきょう） became officially recognized religions, and allowed to do every kind of religious activities freely.</p>
<p><strong>The fact that two of the five Tang&#8217;s official religions are Persian indicates how great the influence and the presence of Persia were</strong>.</p>
<p>Actually there were <strong>many Persian high rank officials in Tang dynasty</strong>. <strong>An-roku-zan</strong>* was such a general who is well known in Chinese history.</p>
<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_Dynasty">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_Dynasty</a></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>An-roku-zan</strong>安禄山 (705-757): He was a general of Tang dynasty. He is a Sogdian born in Samarkand.　<strong>Roku-zan</strong>禄山 (&#8221;<strong>lu-shan</strong>&#8221; in Chinese pronunciation) is transcription of his <strong>Persian original name &#8220;Roshn (light)</strong>&#8220;</p>
<h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">2. Japanese Calendar</span></h2>
<p><strong>Tang&#8217;s calendar was imported to Japan</strong> and adopted in 737 and used until 1872. When the <strong>Meiji Restoration</strong> 明治維新（めいじいしん）started, the new government adopted <strong>Gregorian calendar in 1872</strong> December 15th.</p>
<p>It was forbidden to use old Chinese calendar by the law. <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">New Year&#8217;s Day (Nou-roz) was changed to 1<sup>st</sup> day of January according to the Gregorian calendar</span></strong>.</p>
<p>It is also <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">forbidden to celebrate New Year&#8217;s Day</span></strong> according to the old calendar by the law. They set its start year on 660 B. C. which is the beginning day of <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Emperor Jimmu</strong></span>神武天皇&#8217;s reign (He is the legendary first emperor of Japan. He is <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Japanese Jamshid</span></strong>).　</p>
<p>This calendar system is called <strong>Kōki</strong>皇紀.　Gregorian 2010 is Kōki 2670. The first day of a financial year became April 1<sup>st</sup> in 1877 by adopting English financial year.　Ideally it should be Spring Equinox, for the convenience of Gregorian calendar it became April 1<sup>st</sup>. Spring Equinox (Shunbun), which is the day when people venerate their ancestors and pray for the harvest in the Shintō shrines, became the day of veneration of Emperor&#8217;s ansectors and pray for the harvest in 1878.</p>
<p>In early Meiji era, all the junior high schools, high schools, universities began on September according to Western tradition. But they changed its beginning day to April 8<sup>th</sup> (its financial year begins on April 1<sup>st</sup>). Thus government offices, agencies, schools and companies begin their year on April 1<sup>st </sup>(spiritually on Spring Equinox).</p>
<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">After the World War II</span></strong>, the Gregorian calendar became the sole official calendar in Japan. The Kōki calendar was forbidden to use in public by the law. <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">If one print to sell Kōki calendar, he will be punished by the law</span></strong>. The financial year and the other traditions remain untouched except one thing. It is Shunki-Kōreisai春季皇霊祭.</p>
<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Before the World War II, Spring Equinox Day is an official national holiday and called Shunki-Kōreisai</span></strong>. But after the World War II, it was forced to change its name to Shunbun-no-hi春分の日 by GHQ, and became a day to spend visiting family graves and holding family reunions.</p>
<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Still Spring Equinox Day and April 1<sup>st</sup> are important days for official and financial activities in modern Japan</span></strong>.   Note Among Japanese Shinto-occult groups and right-wing activists and ideologues, the Kōki calendar is still used today.</p>
<h2><span style="text-decoration: underline;">3. The Starting Year of Calendar </span></h2>
<p>In my opinion, the starting year of calendar should be the spiritual starting point of the people and their culture.  </p>
<p><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Point 1 For Iranians and the world, their culture before hijrat is too precious to disregard</span></strong>.</p>
<blockquote><p>Even <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">after Islamization</span></strong>, Iranian culture is <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">still living and giving great influence upon it</span></strong>.  </p></blockquote>
<p>Point 2 In a long term view, <strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Mohammedan culture is just a part of Iranian culture</span></strong>.  </p>
<blockquote><p>Therefore people of Iran, whether he/she is Mohammedan, Simorghian or others, should seek their spiritual starting year in the ancient Iran which will release Iranian vast potentials. It seems to me Shah Jamshid the father of civilization is much attractive choice.     これからも、どうぞよろしくお願いいたします。</p></blockquote>
<p style="text-align: left;">BEHROOZ o PIROOZ bashid. 敬具   東條真人</p>
<p style="text-align: left;">Dr. Masato Tojo</p>
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		<title>Petition: Nowruz - Iranian New Year Day on UN Calendars</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/petition-nowruz-iranian-new-day-on-un-calendars/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/petition-nowruz-iranian-new-day-on-un-calendars/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Jan 2010 18:07:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3778</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Iranian character of legacy of Nowruz and the celebration of its true date would seem to be uncontested, but this as with the historical veracity of the name of the Persian Gulf, is also being challenged.
Kindly sign the petition to support the Iranian New Year Day (Nowruz) on the UN Calendars:
http://www.petitiononline.com/Norouz/
Below is the text [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Iranian character of legacy of Nowruz and the celebration of its true date would seem to be uncontested, but this as with the historical veracity of the name of the Persian Gulf, is also being challenged.</p>
<p>Kindly sign the petition to support the Iranian New Year Day (Nowruz) on the UN Calendars:</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.petitiononline.com/Norouz/" target="_blank">http://www.petitiononline.com/Norouz/</a></p>
<p>Below is the text of that petition:</p>
<p>====================================================================</p>
<p><strong>To:  United Nations</strong></p>
<p><strong>Excellency Ban Ki-moon<br />
Secretary-General<br />
United Nations<br />
New York, New York</strong></p>
<p><strong>Your Excellency,</strong></p>
<p><strong>For several millenniums many nations have celebrated the first day of spring as their new year. Today, nearly 300 million people around the world celebrate the first day of spring as their new year, better known as Norouz (New Day). Nearly all of these celebrants live in UN member nations. Unfortunately, none of the UN calendars or affiliated agencies commemorate this important date as has been done for different celebrations of member nations.</strong></p>
<p><strong>We, the undersigned, request from your Excellency, bearer of the highest office of the United Nations, to kindly authorize the relevant agencies to correct this oversight for the upcoming calendars throughout the UN agencies.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Please accept our best wishes and thanks for your attention to this important request.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Persian Cultural Center, San Diego, California - USA</strong></p>
<p><strong>Sincerely,</strong></p>
<p>=====================================================================</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/haft-seen-of-nowruz.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-3791 aligncenter" title="haft-seen-of-nowruz" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/haft-seen-of-nowruz.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="398" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em> The Haft-Seen table of Nowruz</em></strong></p>
<p style="text-align: right;">
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		<title>Kaveh Farrokh interview: Sassanian Asvaran and Response to Eurocentrists</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/kaveh-farrokh-interview-sassanian-asvaran-and-response-to-eurocentirsts/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/kaveh-farrokh-interview-sassanian-asvaran-and-response-to-eurocentirsts/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Jan 2010 07:43:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3745</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
دکتر کاوه فرخ در گفت‌وگوی با هفتــــــــه: «اسواران ساسانی»، پاسخی به تفکر اروپامحوران
یوسف امیری (شنبه ۲۶ دی ۱۳۸۸)
 Originally posted on: Radio Chacavac - Hafteh Journal 
(Montreal, Canada - January 12, 2010)
در شماره‌های پیشین معرفی کوتاهی از کتاب اسواران ساسانی، اثر دکتر کاوه فرخ به دست دادیم. این کتاب توسط آقای یوسف امیری از انگلیسی [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left">
<h2 style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">دکتر کاوه فرخ در گفت‌وگوی با هفتــــــــه: «اسواران ساسانی»، پاسخی به تفکر اروپامحوران</span></h2>
<h2 dir="rtl">یوسف امیری (شنبه ۲۶ دی ۱۳۸۸)</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: center;" dir="rtl"><a href="http://www.hafteh.ca/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1942:-l-r-&amp;catid=141:2010-01-09-04-49-33&amp;Itemid=59" target="_blank"> <span style="color: #3366ff;">Originally posted on: Radio Chacavac - Hafteh Journal </span></a></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: center;" dir="rtl">(Montreal, Canada - January 12, 2010)</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">در شماره‌های پیشین معرفی کوتاهی از کتاب اسواران ساسانی، اثر دکتر کاوه فرخ به دست دادیم. این کتاب توسط آقای یوسف امیری از انگلیسی به فارسی ترجمه و به‌تازگی منتشر شده است.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">شنبه 16 ژانویه 2010 از ساعت 4 تا 6 پس‌ازنیم‌روز در  اتاق 260 طبقه 6 ساختمان جان مولسون (ام.بی) دانشگاه کنکوردیا برنامه رونمایی «اسواران ساسانی» برگزار خواهد شد. انتشار این کتاب بهانه‌ای شد تا گفت‌وگویی با نویسنده آن آقای دکتر کاوه فرخ داشته باشیم. انجام این گفت‌وگو را آقای یوسف امیری پذیرفت که در دو شماره پی‌درپی در هفتــــــه منتشر خواهد‌شد. همینجا از دکتر کاوه فرخ سپاسگزاری‌می‌کنیم که با وجود فشردگی وقت با انجام این گفت‌وگو موافقت کرد.</h3>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/jeld-asvaran-s.jpg"><img title="pic1-title" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/pic1-title-223x300.jpg" alt="" width="294" height="408" /> </a><img title="Book Cover-Asvaran" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/jeld-asvaran-s.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="408" /></p>
<h3 style="text-align: center;"><em>Book cover of the Asvaran e Sassani (اسواران ساسانی) at right, Yusef Amiri&#8217;s translation of Farrokh&#8217;s original text on the <a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/books/elite-sassanian-cavalry/" target="_self"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Elite Sassanian cavalry</span></a> (at left).</em></h3>
<p style="text-align: left;" dir="rtl">
<h3 dir="rtl">دکتر کاوه فرخ؛ تاریخ‌دان و تاریخ‌نگار ایرانی، در سال ۱۳۴۱ (۱۹۶۲ م) در شهر آتن به دنیا آمد. وی پس از اتمام تحصیلات‌ در اروپا، در سال ۱۹۸۳ به کانادا مهاجرت کرد. در سال ۲۰۰۱ دکتری خود را در بخش روان‌شناسی آموزشی از دانشگاه بریتیش کلمبیا دریافت کرد. او پایان‌نامه‌ خود را به ایرانِ باستان با عنوان «فرآیندهای شناختی و زبان‌شناختی در فراگیری زبان پارسی (Cognitive &amp; Linguistic Processes of Persian Language)» اختصاص داد. پژوهش‌های او در زمینه‌ی زبان‌های هندواروپایی به ویژه زبان پهلوی (پارسی میانه) بوده اما از اوایل دهه‌ ۱۹۹۰ میلادی در زمینه‌ ایران باستان هم پژوهش‌های فراوانی داشته‌ است.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">دکتر کاوه فرخ هم‌اکنون مدرس تاریخ در دانشگاه بریتیش کلمبیا (Continuing Studies)، عضو بخش مطالعات ایرانی- یونانی در دانشگاه لیدن هلند، و رییس بخش تاریخ سنتی و فرهنگی «مدرسه‌ی دیپلماسی فرهنگی والم» (WAALM) در لندن است . (این موسسه با سازمان ملل هم همکاری می‌کند.) او به عنوان مشاور تاریخی با بی.بی.سی، صدای امریکا، شبکه‌ی تلویزیونی تاریخ (History Channel) هم همکاری کرده و مشاوره‌ تاریخی برای فیلمی به نام «در جستجوی کوروش بزرگ» را هم به عهده دارد.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">دکتر فرخ در رابطه با دوره تاریخی پیش از اسلام به ویژه در رابطه با اسواران، هنر و معماری، فرهنگ و تئولوژی [یزدان‌شناختی] و تاثیر ایران در این زمینه‌ها بر تمدن غرب و اسلام و کلا تمدن بشری اشاره کردند و  متذکر شدند که در رابطه با تاریخ نظامی ایران چه پیش از اسلام و چه پس از اسلام کار کرده‌ و دهه‌ی‌ ١٩٩٠ مقاله‌ها و سخنرانی‌های فراوانی داشته‌اند. کتاب اول ایشان؛ «اسواران ساسانی» در سال ٢٠٠٥ منتشر شد و <a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/books/shadows-in-the-desert-ancient-persia-at-war/" target="_self">کتاب دومشان «سایه‌ها در کویر: ایران باستان در جنگ» نام دارد که سال ۲۰۰٧ منتشر شده و چندین جایزه را به خود اختصاص داد</a>.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: center;" dir="rtl"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/awards/best-history-book-2008/" target="_self"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3748" title="dr-kaveh-farokh2" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/dr-kaveh-farokh2.jpg" alt="" width="250" height="357" /></a><em>.<a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/awards/best-history-book-2008/" target="_self"><span style="color: #3366ff;">Kaveh Farrokh in London&#8217;s WAALM event in October  2008</span></a></em></h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">تحریریه هفتـــــــه</h3>
<p dir="rtl">
<h2 dir="rtl"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em>آقای دکتر کاوه فرخ درباره‌ پژوهش‌هایتان در زمینه‌ تاریخ ایران بگویید. کارهایی که چاپ کرده‌اید، کارهایی که در دست چاپ دارید&#8230;</em></span></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">هم اکنون مشغول کار روی کتاب سوم هستم که «ارتش ایران از زمان صفویان تا امروز» نام دارد و تاریخچه‌ نظامی ایران در این دوران است. در این کتاب که حدود ۳۴۰ صفحه دارد تمام تحولات نظامی و جنگ‌هایی که رخ داده، بررسی شده‌اند. قرار بود آن را در تابستان به ناشر تحویل بدهم اما آنقدر کارش زیاد و سنگین است که به تاخیر افتاده و امیدوارم تا ماه فوریه ٢٠١٠ برای چاپ به دست ناشر سپرده شود. بعد از آن چند ویراستار و تعدادی ازتاریخ‌دانان آن را مطالعه و بررسی کرده و در نهایت چاپ می‌شود. این کتاب به دوره های صفویه، افشاریه، زندیه، قاجاریه، پهلوی و پس از انقلاب می پردازد و ساختار آن مانند کتاب اسواران شامل سازمان ارتش، سلاح‌ها و تاکتیک‌های جنگی‌ است. در زمینه‌ی پس از انقلاب، بیشتر بر جنگ ایران و عراق تکیه شده است. سعی کرده‌ام در زمینه‌های سیاسی تا جایی که می‌شود بی‌طرف باشم و این مشکل است.</h3>
<h2 dir="rtl"><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">درباره‌ ارتش دوران معاصر ایران منبع به اندازه‌ کافی هست؟</span></em></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">می‌شود گفت که بیش از اندازه است! همین تازگی دکتر بابایی دو کتاب خوب نوشته به نام «تاریخ ارتش ایران» و «تاریخچه‌ی نیروی هوایی ایران» که تکیه‌ی این دو بیشتر بر سازمان ارتش ایران است تا جنگ‌های متعدد ایران و تاکتیک‌های جنگی.</h3>
<h2 dir="rtl"><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">انگیزه‌ شما برای نوشتن کتاب اسواران ساسانی چه بود؟</span></em></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">هدف اصلی مقابله با برخورد اروپا‌محوری (Eurocenterism) و اروپا‌محوران با تاریخ ایران و کم‌مایه جلوه دادن توانایی‌ها و پیروزی‌های اسواران ساسانی بود. به ویژه دیوید نیکول؛ تاریخ‌نگار انگلیسی، در سال ۱۹۹۶ کتابی نوشت به نام «ارتش‌های ساسانیان: امپراتوری ایران از آغاز سده‌ سوم تا میانه‌ سده‌ هفتم میلادی» (Sassannian Armies: Iranian Empire Early 3rd to Mid-7th Centuries AD). در این کتاب اشتباههای فراوانی هست حتی در یونیفورم‌های رومیان! و هیچ توجهی به پیروزی‌های ایران ساسانی بر روم نشده و برخی اصطلاح‌های زبان پهلوی در آن اشتباه است. این یکی از انگیزه‌هایی شد که من کتاب اسواران را بنویسم. البته مدت‌ها بود که اطلاعات جمع کرده بودم اما دیدم که این کتاب واقعا به تاریخ ایران ضربه زده است. حتی کتاب‌هایی چاپ شده و در آنها ادعا شده که  شاپور ساسانی در همه‌ جنگ‌هایش با رومیان شکست خورده است! معمولا یک‌جانبه و دست‌چین عمل کرده‌اند و طوری منبع‌های تاریخی را نقل می‌کنند که ساسانیان را کوچک بشمارند. چند مثال می‌زنم: می‌گویند پیروزی‌های شاپور یکم ساسانی در سده‌ سوم م. (به ویژه پیروزی بر والریان) به خاطر فریبکاری بود نه توانایی نظامی. من یک تاریخ‌دان انگلیسی را در ترکیه دیدم که گفت «من سی سال است که همین را به شاگردانم درس می‌دهم»! این طرز تفکری است که خیلی محکم است. مثال دیگر این که می‌گویند: شکست رومیان در سال ۳۶۳ م. به دست شاپور دوم تنها به خاطر این بود که یولیانوس با نیزه‌ای کشته شد وگرنه ساسانیان توان شکست روم را نداشتند. و این غیرمنطقی است.  مثال‌ بسیار است.</h3>
<h2 dir="rtl"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em>به نظر شما علت این رفتار اروپامحوران چیست؟ چرا پیروزی‌های ایرانیان را نادیده می‌گیرند؟ چه انگیزه‌ای دارند؟</em></span></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">این به خاطر آن است که امروزه در غرب ریشه‌ تمدن خود را تنها روم و یونان باستان می‌دانند. البته این تا حدی درست است اما این دیدگاه همیشه وجود نداشته است. از قرن هفدهم و دوران رفورمیشن [اصلاحات] اروپایی به بعد این طور شده است. قبل از آن احترام خاصی به کوروش قائل می‌شدند. در کتاب مقدس نکات مثبتی از ایران گفته شده است. حتی متن‌های یونانی قدیم را که ببینید جوانب مثبت زیادی از ایران را هم نوشته‌اند. اما دیدگاه جانبدارانه‌ رومیان به خاطر این که با ایرانیان در جنگ بودند بیشتر ترویج می‌شود به خصوص در دانشگاهها و مدرسه‌ها. البته این موضوع ریشه‌های دیگری نیز دارد. می‌شود گفت خصومتی با جهانِ - به قول این‌ها - اسلامی هم دارند و ایران هم جزوی از این جهان است. پس ایران در واقع در دو لایه جای داده می‌شود. یکی جنگ‌های از زمان خشایارشا و یکی هم این‌که ایران را جزو جنگ‌های صلیبی می‌گذارند در حالی که ایران در این جنگ‌ها شرکت نداشت.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">همان طور که گفتید در نوشته‌های یونانیان نظر مثبت درباره‌ ایرانیان فراوان است. یکی که من الان یادم می‌آید کتاب گزنفون درباره‌ کوروش بزرگ است. اما به تازگی این نظریه را مطرح کرده‌اند که این شخصیتی که گزنفون توصیف کرده واقعیت نداشته و بیشتر نیمه‌افسانه‌ای است.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">بله. این روش جدیدی است. مثلا اگر به بخش ساسانیان وب سایت من نگاه کنید می‌بینید که تازگی اینها مطرح کرده‌اند که پیروزی‌های شاپور به خاطر جنگ شیمیایی بوده است! که این حرف کاملا مسخره است. شاید مشعل‌هایی که در تونل‌های دورا یوروپوس روشن می‌کردند دود تولید می‌کرده اما این که بگوییم ایرانیان جنگ شیمیایی می‌کردند و دلیل پیروزی‌شان فقط به خاطر جنگ شیمیایی بود نشان‌دهنده‌ این است که هنوز تمایل به بازفکر کردن، وجود ندارد و حتی تاریخ را هم تحریف می‌کنند. جالب اینجاست که برخی از این حمله‌ها به گزنفون توسط افرادی‌است که خودشان در بخش‌های ایران‌شناسی هستند و سال‌هاست که سعی کرده‌اند منابعی را که درباره‌ی کورش کبیر بوده یک جوری تحریف کنند.</h3>
<h2 dir="rtl"><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">از مرکزهای ایران‌شناسی گفتید. اکنون وضعیت ایران‌شناسی در دانشگاههای دنیا به ویژه در آمریکای شمالی چه طور است؟</span></em></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">خب می‌توانیم برگردیم به پرُفسور احسان یارشاطر، سردبیر دایرةالمعارف ایرانیکا، که در مصاحبه‌ای با شهروند تورنتو در سال ۲۰۰۴ گفتند که تعداد افرادی که واقعا در زمینه‌ی ایران‌شناسی تحصیل کرده‌اند دارد کم می‌شود. افراد جوانی که واقعا ایران‌دوست هستند و تمایل به تحصیل در ایران‌شناسی دارند بسیار تعدادشان کم است. می‌گفتند در ایتالیا این طور نیست. اما جالب این که پس از این مصاحبه یک حمله‌ای هم شد به رشته‌ی ایران‌شناسی در ایتالیا که هنوز در خطر است و وضعیت آن معلق است. موسسه‌ای به نام «موسسه‌ی ایتالیایی برای مطالعات آفریقا و شرق».</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">مثال‌های دیگری هست. در مجله‌ی «ایران‌شناسی» که سردبیر آن جلال متینی است در سال‌های مختلف چند مقاله نوشته شده که همه گفته‌اند پیش از ۱۹۷۹ م. تحصیلات ایران‌شناسی رو به پیشرفت بود اما از آن سال به بعد تنزل کرده است.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">پرفسور رودولف متی (Rudolph Matthee)، استاد برجسته‌ی تاریخ دانشگاه دِلاوِر (Delaware) در ای-میلی در سپتامبر ۲۰۰۸ به من گفت: «دلیل اصلی من برای نوشتن این نامه دغدغه‌ی من برای مطالعات ایران‌شناسی‌ است (Iranian and Persianate Studies) که شکننده شده و زیر حمله‌ شکل‌های گوناگونی از ملی‌گرایی و قوم‌گرایی - که خودتان چندین بار به آن اشاره کرده‌اید-، گرایش‌های پسانوین (پُست‌مدرن) برخی از کارشناسان در تفسیر تاریخ ایران و دعواهای داخلی بین خود ایرانیان است.»</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">نسرین رحیمیه، مدیر مرکز ساموئل جردن برای مطالعات و فرهنگ ایرانی، در نامه‌ای به من نوشته است: «برای من نگران‌کننده است که شاهد کاهش روزافزون منابع تخصیص داده شده به مطالعات ایران‌شناسی در مرکزهای دانشگاهی و علمی سراسر جهان هستم. یعنی در زمان حساسی که نیاز به درک تاریخ و فرهنگ ایران و نقش آن در سیاست جهانی از همیشه بیشتر است، جای تاسف فراوان است که دانشگاههای سرشناس در زمینه‌ پژوهش، از پژوهش در زمینه‌های ایران‌شناسی روی‌گردان شده‌اند.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">شما برخی افراد را می‌بینید که ایران‌شناس هستند یا در زمینه‌ی ایران‌شناسی کار می‌کنند اما به تاریخ ایران حمله می‌کنند. باورکردنی نیست که همین تازگی در یک کنفرانس ایران‌شناسی مقاله‌هایی ارائه شده که می‌گفتند شخصیت کورش ساخته‌ی دوران شاه است یا تاریخ ایران آریانیست (Aryanist) است، اصطلاحی که خاص پان‌ترکان است. شما ممکن نیست در کنفرانس‌های هیچ ملیتی مقاله‌هایی ببینید که اینقدر بر علیه همان ملت باشد و به آن ملت حمله شود.</h3>
<h2 dir="rtl"><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">بگذارید این‌جا این را بپرسم که تاریخ ایران به دست گروههای گوناگونی دستخوش تحریف می‌شود. برای مقابله با تحریف تاریخ چه باید کرد؟</span></em></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">در این‌جا می‌خواهم نامه‌ یکی از شاگردانم را برایتان بخوانم به نام ایوان کسیچ که اهل کرواسی است و شدیداً ایران‌دوست است. او می‌نویسد: «من استادی در تاریخ معماری داشتم که می‌گفت تمام دستاوردهای ارزشمند در معماری باستان در یونان و روم است. حرف او به نظر من یاوه بود و برای همین در کلاس بلند شدم و گفتم شبکه‌ی آب‌رسانی شهری پیش از آن که هیپوداموس به دنیا بیاید در پارسه (تخت جمشید) وجود داشت. ستون‌های پارسه باریک‌تر و بلندتر از ستون‌های معبد آرتمیس در ساردیس هستند. تاق تیسفون پایتخت ساسانیان از پل نگهبانی (the site of Pont du Gard) در روم پهنای بیشتری دارد. دیوار گرگان از جمع دیوار هادریان و آنتونیوس طولانی‌تر است. این گونه پیش‌داوری‌ها یکی از انگیزه‌هایی بود که سبب شده من مشغول نوشتن کتابی درباره‌ی هخامنشیان شوم.»</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">یعنی این طور افراد هم هستند. ما باید یک صندوق بورس تحصیلی درست کنیم تا یک جوری به این‌گونه افراد - چه ایرانی چه غیرایرانی - بورس تحصیلی بدهیم و یک سیستم پاداش داشته باشیم که بتوانیم خرج تحصیل اینها را بدهیم که بتوانند وارد رشته‌های ایران‌شناسی بشوند. مسئله این است که الان یک دستگاه سیاسی پشت سر ما نیست که از چنین پروژه‌هایی دفاع کند.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">مسئله‌ی دیگر این که ایران‌ستیزی در خود ایران هم وجود دارد. افرادی هستند که در ایران برنامه‌ تلویزیونی درست می‌کنند و حتی کتاب چاپ می‌کنند که کاملا منکر تاریخ ایران هستند. می‌گویند اصلا چنین چیزی وجود نداشته است.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">گفتید اروپامحوران به خاطر این که یونان و روم را تنها پایه‌های تمدن خود می‌دانند تاریخ ایران را انکار می‌کنند. آنهایی که در درون ایران هستند چه انگیزه‌هایی برای انکار تاریخ ایران دارند؟</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">این برمی‌گردد به دیدگاه پان‌اسلامیک. البته مسئله‌ی ما با اسلام نیست، یعنی با هیچ مذهبی نیست. اما اینها معتقدند که تاریخ ایران اصلا هیچ اهمیتی ندارد و همه چیز باید فدای یک دنیای بزرگ اسلامی و در راه مذهب باشد. این طرز تفکری است که شاید از پنجاه سال پیش وجود داشته و یک حالت خصومت با فرهنگ پیش از اسلام ایران دارد و آن هم می‌شود گفت به خاطر دلایل ایدئولوژیک است. ریشه‌ی این کار فقط اخوان‌المسلمین نیست بلکه باید حزب‌های کمونیستی را هم که تحت فرمان مسکو بودند در نظر داشت. نمی‌شود گفت همه‌ی کمونیست‌ها بد بودند. آنهایی که تحت فرمان استالین بودند این طور بودند. آنها هم در این طرز تفکر ستیزه‌گر با تاریخ و فرهنگ ایران خیلی نفوذ داشته‌اند.</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">ما باید یک صندوق درست کنیم و هر ایرانی به میزان توان خود، حتی سالی ۵ دلار، به این صندوق پول واریز کند. برای دادن بورس کافی نیست که طرف نمره‌های خوبی داشته باشد بلکه طرز تفکر او دیده شود. مثلا دانیل پاتز یک مورخ درجه یک است و درباره‌ تاریخ خلیج فارس خیلی می‌داند اما متاسفانه یک کتاب دوجلدی نوشته به نام «تاریخ خلیج ع.ر.ب پیش از اسلام»! و یکی از کسانی که خرج ایشان را داده از بستگان صدام حسین است. تا آنجا که می‌دانیم تحصیلات دانیل پاتز در بخش ایران‌شناسی بوده و در زمان رژیم شاه نیز خیلی از کمک‌های ایران استفاده کرده است.</h3>
<h2 dir="rtl"><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">فرض کنیم این صندوق بر پا شد و هزینه‌ تحصیل فراهم شد. دانشگاه را چه کار کنیم؟ دانشگاههایی که برنامه‌ ایران‌شناسی داشته باشند و برنامه‌شان ضدایران نباشد چه؟</span></em></h2>
<h3 dir="rtl">خب من می‌دانم کسانی هستند که حاضرند سرمایه‌گذاری کنند و کرسی ایران‌شناسی در دانشگاهها بر پا کنند. اما یک مشکلی که هست این که خیلی از دانشگاهها می‌گویند این صندوقی که شما درست کردید، مثلا دو میلیون دلار به ما پول بدهد. ما کرسی ایران‌شناسی درست می‌کنیم اما شما هیچ حقی در انتخاب دانشجویان ندارید. ما خودمان تصمیم می‌گیریم به چه کسی بورس بدهیم. ما باید لابی درست کنیم و بگوییم که دانشجو را هم خودمان انتخاب می‌کنیم. بعضی دانشگاهها این را قبول می‌کنند اما بیشترشان قبول نمی‌کنند و در آنها لابی اروپامحوران بسیار قوی است.  (ادامه دارد)</h3>
<h3 dir="rtl">ست.</h3>
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		<title>Burnt City: World&#8217;s oldest &#8220;Backgammon&#8221; Game?</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/burnt-city-worlds-oldest-backgammon-game/</link>
		<comments>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/burnt-city-worlds-oldest-backgammon-game/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Jan 2010 14:25:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/?p=3711</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
 

 
One of ancient Iran&#8217;s most ancient sites is known as the Burnt City (located in eastern Iran - South of Zabol in region of Sistan-Baluchistan).
The 4,400 year site of interest as it has yielded interesting finds such as the discovery of an artificial eye and ruling/measurement devices. As noted by Hasan Sargazi ( a leader of the 2004 excavations), an estimated 4 billion artifacts [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"> </p>
<p> </p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/burnt-city1.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-3713  aligncenter" title="burnt-city1" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/burnt-city1.jpg" alt="" width="602" height="417" /></a><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/burnt-city.jpg"></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;"> </p>
<p>One of ancient Iran&#8217;s most ancient sites is known as the Burnt City (located in eastern Iran - South of Zabol in region of Sistan-Baluchistan).</p>
<p>The 4,400 year site of interest as it has yielded interesting finds such as the discovery of <a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/maps-of-iran-5000-bc-651-ad/the-worlds-oldest-known-artificial-eye/" target="_self">an artificial eye</a> and <a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/maps-of-iran-5000-bc-651-ad/the-ancient-ruler-of-the-burnt-city/" target="_self">ruling/measurement devices</a>. As noted by Hasan Sargazi ( a leader of the 2004 excavations), an <a href="http://payvand.com/news/04/jul/1049.html" target="_blank">estimated 4 billion artifacts within the 55 hilltops had been dug up by 2004 alone, requiring at least 400 years for examination and tabulation</a>.</p>
<p>The excavations in Sistan-Baluchistan are far from finished. Rasoul Mousavi Haji, one of the leaders of the archeology team in the area in 2007 has clearly hinted to <a href="http://www.chnpress.com/news/?section=2&amp;id=7275" target="_blank">Iran&#8217;s Cultural Heritage News Agency</a> that: </p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Although discovery of a large number of prehistoric sites shed light into the importance of this area during very ancient times, we have also succeeded in identifying a number of historical sites dating back to the Parthian (248 BC-224 AD) and Seleucids (312-64 BC) dynastic eras for the first time in this area. A number of historical sites belonging to 12-15 centuries AD have been also identified in the region, which were never seen before</em>&#8230;&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>One of the most interesting discoveries at the site is a rectangular board constructed of ebony. This is interesting as ebony is not known to have been available in Seistan. This would strongly suggest that merchants would have imported this material from India.</p>
<p>The board itself has an engraved serpent design coiling twenty times around to produce twenty slots for the game. Note that sixty pieces were also unearthed inside a terracotta vessel next to board during the excavations. Interestingly the pieces themselves were built from common minerals and stones found in the region (i.e. turquoise, Agate).</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/dice-burnt-city.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-3715    aligncenter" title="dice-burnt-city" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/dice-burnt-city.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="323" /></a></p>
<p><strong><em>Ancient dices discovered at the Burnt-City. At present experts are (a) attempting to determine why the game was played with sixty pieces and (b) working to decode the rules of the game. Iranians call Backgammon &#8220;Takht-e Nard&#8221;.</em></strong></p>
<p>This raises the question as to how and why the inhabitants of the Burnt City had time for such leisurely games. What is almost certain is that the popularity of such games are suggestive of the Burnt City having been a highly advanced civilization.</p>
<p>The city has no connection to other ancient civilizations in Western Asia although its close proximity to the site of Mohenjo-Daro (in present-day Pakistan) is possible. What is certain is that the Burnt City is not connected to the Mesopotamian plain and is independent of her.</p>
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		<title>Cyrus the Great: Compassionate towards Defeated Enemies</title>
		<link>http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/news/cyrus-the-great-compassionate-towards-defeated-enemies/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Jan 2010 07:16:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>manuvera</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[ 
Professors Simons and Benn note the following on Cyrus the Great in their text on ancient and modern Iraqi history:
&#8220;&#8230;Cyrus, with typical clemency, spared the king and even joined the national mourning when Nabonidus died in 538 BC&#8230;Cyrus represented himself to the Babylonians more as a liberator than a conqueror, but still the legitimate successor to the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> </p>
<p>Professors Simons and Benn note the following on Cyrus the Great in their text on ancient and modern Iraqi history:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;&#8230;<em>Cyrus, with typical clemency, <strong>spared the king and even joined the national mourning</strong> when Nabonidus died in 538 BC&#8230;Cyrus represented himself to the Babylonians more as a <strong>liberator than a conqueror</strong>, but still the legitimate successor to the crown.  He took the title &#8216;King of Babylon, King of the Land&#8217;, and he <strong>returned to their rightful temples all the statues of the gods</strong> that Nobonidus had conveyed into the capital. At the next New Year festival, Cyrus, following the custom of the traditional Babylonian kings, took the hand of the god Bel and so legitimized a new Babylonian dynasty. He also issued <strong>a decree freeing the Jews from their Babylonian captivity</strong>, stipulating that a high Persian official should accompany the Jews that <strong>decided to return to the Promised Land</strong>, to ensure that his wishes were fulfilled. The Jewish exiles hailed Cyrus as a <strong>liberator </strong>and sang songs of joy to celebrate the end of their bondage&#8230;<strong>Cyrus remained well-regarded, not only by the Jews, who called him &#8217;the <strong><em>anointed </em></strong>of the Lord&#8217;, the Persians called him &#8216;father&#8217;, and the Hellenes whom he conquered regarded him as &#8216;master&#8217; and &#8216;law-giver&#8217;.</strong> He was a great <em>conqueror </em>but <strong>generally compassionate towards defeated enemies</strong>, to whom he often <strong>extended the hand of friendship</strong></em>&#8221; [Simons &amp; Benn, 1996, pp. 134-135; in <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Iraq: From Sumer to Saddam</span>. Palgrave publishers]</p></blockquote>
<p> </p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.spentaproductions.com/about_us.htm"><img title="cyrus-the-great2" src="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/cyrus-the-great2-296x300.jpg" alt="" width="296" height="300" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>Cyrus the Great enters Babylon. <a href="http://www.spentaproductions.com/about_us.htm" target="_blank">Cyrus Kar </a>has been engaged in producing a documentary on the life of this notable figure of human history. </em></strong></p>
<p>The role of Cyrus the Great in being one of history&#8217;s pioneers of Human Rights is now a recognized fact in western mainstream culture. This is clearly indicated in a recent video (<strong><em>The Story of Human Rights</em></strong>) which named Cyrus the Great as the founder of the first Human Rights Charter:</p>
<p><a href="http://journal.waalmdiplomacy.org/#post10" target="_blank">http://journal.waalmdiplomacy.org/#post10</a></p>
<p>WAALM SCD has also developed an educational website explaining the <strong>Evolution of Human Rights from Cyrus to contemporary Times:</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://sites.google.com/site/humanrightsevolution/" target="_blank">http://sites.google.com/site/humanrightsevolution/</a></p>
<p>Kindly note that WAALM - School of Cultural Diplomacy has a full department dedicated to instruction and education with respect to the Evolution of Human Rights:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.waalmdiplomacy.org/index.html" target="_blank">WAALM School of Cultural Diplomacy (SCD) - <strong>دانشکده دیپلماسی فرهنگی</strong>)</a></p>
<p>For more information kindly consult the <strong><em>Cyrus the Great</em></strong> link at:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/cyrus-the-great-and-human-rights/">http://www.kavehfarrokh.com/iranica/cyrus-the-great-and-human-rights/</a></p>
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